Seerah · Chronology
The Life of the Prophet Muhammad
From his birth to his passing, 571–632 · 132 events in six periods
Here the life of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is presented in chronological order from his birth to his passing, divided into six periods. For each event you will find the Gregorian year, the Hijri year for the Medinan period, the place where it happened and the Prophet’s age at the time.
The list below is the index of the whole chronology; the events are described on the period pages. You can also find an event by typing it into the search box above.
Periods
All events in chronological order
Birth and Childhood
571–583 Open this period on its own pageThe birth of the Prophet ﷺ
Given to his wet nurse Halimah
The opening of his chest (Shaqq as-Sadr)
Return to his mother Aminah
The journey to Madinah and the death of his mother
Under the care of his grandfather Abdul Muttalib
The journey to Syria and the monk Bahira
Youth
583–610 Open this period on its own pageThe years as a shepherd
The Fijar War
Hilf al-Fudul (the Pact of the Virtuous)
Leading Khadijah's caravan to Syria
Marriage to Khadijah
His children: Qasim, Zaynab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, Fatimah, Abdullah
Adopting Zayd ibn Harithah
Taking Ali into his home
Seclusion in Hira
The Makkan Period
610–622 Open this period on its own pageThe first revelation: “Read!”
Khadijah's comfort and Waraqah ibn Nawfal
The pause in revelation (fatrah) and Surah al-Muddaththir
The first Muslims
The period of secret calling and Dar al-Arqam
The open call: the summons from the hill of Safa
The first Quran recited openly at the Kaaba: Ibn Mas'ud and Surah ar-Rahman
The feast for his relatives and the appeals to Abu Talib
Torture and the first martyrs
The first migration to Abyssinia
The splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)
Hamza embraces Islam
Umar embraces Islam
The years of the boycott (Shi'b Abi Talib)
The end of the boycott
The year of sorrow: the death of Abu Talib
The death of Khadijah
The journey to Ta'if
Return to Makkah under the protection of Mut'im ibn Adi
The jinn listen to the Quran
Marriage to Sawdah and engagement to Aisha
The Isra and the Mi'raj
Calling the tribes in the pilgrimage season and the six Madinans at Aqabah
The First Pledge of Aqabah
The Second Pledge of Aqabah
The Muslims’ migration to Madinah
The Hijrah
622 Open this period on its own pageThe assassination plot at Dar al-Nadwah
The night of the Hijrah and the Cave of Thawr
The pursuit by Suraqah ibn Malik
Arrival at Quba, the Quba Mosque and the first Friday prayer
Entry into Madinah
The Madinan Period
622–632 Open this period on its own pageThe building of the Prophet’s Mosque and the Suffah
The institution of the adhan
Brotherhood between the Muhajirun and the Ansar (Mu’akhah)
The Constitution of Madinah
Abdullah ibn Salam and Salman al-Farisi embrace Islam
Marriage to Aisha
The first expeditions (sariyyahs)
The first expeditions led by the Prophet ﷺ
The changing of the qiblah to the Kaaba
Fasting in Ramadan, zakat and the fitrah made obligatory
The expedition of Abdullah ibn Jahsh
The Battle of Badr
The death of his daughter Ruqayyah
The first Eid al-Fitr and the Eid prayer
The expedition against the Banu Qaynuqa
The Sawiq expedition and the raiding plans of the neighbouring tribes
The marriage of Fatimah to Ali
The birth of his grandson Hasan
Marriage to Hafsah
The Battle of Uhud
The expedition to Hamra al-Asad
The tragedy of al-Raji': the martyrdom of Khubayb and Zayd
The tragedy of Bi'r Ma'unah
The expedition against the Banu Nadir and their expulsion
The final prohibition of intoxicants
The birth of his grandson Husayn
Marriages to Zaynab bint Khuzaymah and Umm Salamah
The expedition of Dhat al-Riqa' and the prayer of fear
The expedition to Dumat al-Jandal
The expedition against the Banu Mustaliq (al-Muraysi') and the incident of Ifk
The Battle of the Trench (al-Ahzab)
The expedition against the Banu Qurayzah
The death of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh
Marriage to Zaynab bint Jahsh and the verses of hijab
The expeditions against the Banu Lihyan and to al-Ghabah
Setting out for Umrah: the Hudaybiyyah expedition
The Pledge of Ridwan (Bay‘at al-Ridwan)
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
Letters inviting the rulers to Islam
The conquest of Khaybar
Fadak, Wadi al-Qura and Tayma taken by treaty
The making of the minbar and the weeping palm trunk
The make-up umrah (Umrat al-Qada)
Khalid ibn al-Walid and Amr ibn al-As embrace Islam
The expedition of Dhat al-Salasil
The Battle of Mu’tah
The death of his daughter Zaynab
The Quraysh break the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
The Conquest of Makkah
Prayer inside the Kaaba and the return of the key to Uthman ibn Talhah
The Expedition of Hunayn
His foster sister Shayma found among the captives
The siege of Ta’if and the distribution of spoils at Ji‘ranah
The birth of his son Ibrahim
The Year of Delegations (Sanat al-Wufud)
The Thaqif delegation: Ta’if embraces Islam and al-Lat is destroyed
The Expedition of Tabuk
The demolition of Masjid al-Dirar
His month away from his wives (Ila) and the verse of choice
Abu Bakr leads the Hajj and the proclamation of Bara’ah
The deaths of his daughter Umm Kulthum and of the Negus
The Christians of Najran and the mubahalah
The death of his son Ibrahim and the solar eclipse
Ali sent to Yemen and Yemen’s entry into Islam
The final review of the Quran and the scribes of revelation
Setting out from Madinah for the Farewell Pilgrimage
The Farewell Sermon
The completion of the Farewell Pilgrimage and Ghadir Khumm
Passing Away
632 Open this period on its own pageThe preparation of Usamah’s army
The false prophets: Musaylimah and al-Aswad al-Ansi
The beginning of his illness
Abu Bakr appointed to lead the prayer, and the last sermon
The last counsels
The passing of the Prophet ﷺ
Abu Bakr’s address
The pledge to Abu Bakr at the Saqifah
The funeral and burial
The death of Fatimah
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About this chronology
The events are ordered by the dates widely accepted in the classical Seerah sources (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, al-Waqidi, Ibn Sa’d) and in the Encyclopedia of Islam of the Turkish Diyanet Foundation (TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi). The year of some events in the Meccan period differs by a year or two between sources; in such cases the most common date is given, marked “civarı” (circa) where needed. Hijri years are shown for events of the Medinan period; ages follow the lunar calendar.
You can read the same chronology offline in the Dua Kitaplığı app; events shared from the app link to the matching event on this page.

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